中国科技术语 ›› 2020, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (2): 74-80.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8578.2020.02.016

• 溯源 • 上一篇    

英语术语electricity汉语译名流变简释

郭盛, 聂馥玲   

  1. 内蒙古师范大学科学技术史研究院,内蒙古呼和浩特 010022
  • 收稿日期:2018-12-13 修回日期:2019-12-27 出版日期:2020-04-25 发布日期:2020-04-27
  • 作者简介:郭盛(1977—),男,内蒙古师范大学科学技术史研究院博士研究生。通信方式:guosheng393@163.com。|聂馥玲(1964—),女,内蒙古师范大学科学技术史研究院教授、博士生导师。

Analysis on Chinese Translation Variations of the English Term “Electricity”

GUO Sheng, NIE Fuling   

  • Received:2018-12-13 Revised:2019-12-27 Online:2020-04-25 Published:2020-04-27

摘要:

现代汉语中,英语electricity对应的术语是电、电学。electricity从最初传入到概念完全被接受,经历了概念之中的不同属性特征“琥珀”“雷电”及“无处不在”的接受过程,同时经过了“琥珀气”“雷气”“阴阳气”“电气”等数次译名的迁衍,而以“电气”一词影响最大。古代汉语中“电”也具有探究自然现象“天空闪电”的成因及本源的主旨倾向。只是在electricity传入之后,中国古代“电”的含义逐渐拓展,直至被electricity所代表的西方电学的内涵所替代。

关键词: electricity, 术语, 琥珀气, 电气, 雷气

Abstract:

In modern Chinese, electricity corresponds to the terms of “电” and “电学”. From its initial introduction to being completely accepted, there was a process of accepting its different attributes, such as “amber”, “lightning” and “ubiquity”. At the same time, it had undergone several times of translation evolution and determination of terms like “琥珀气(amber gas)” “雷气 (thunder gas)” “阴阳气(air of Yin and Yang)” “电气(lightning gas) ”, and the term “电气” had the greatest impact. In this process, it was also found that in ancient Chinese, “电(dian)” had the tendencies of exploring the causes and origins of “sky lightning” as a natural phenomenon. Only after the introduction of electricity, the meaning of “电” in ancient China was gradually expanded until it was replaced by the western connotation represented by electricity.

Key words: electricity, terminology, amber gas, lightning gas, thunder gas

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