Abstract: Based on source domain of semantic mapping,we analyzed the naming styles of metaphorical terms, described the metaphorical mechanism,and studied essence and type of Russian medical metaphorical terms' nomenclature. We proposed that metaphorical terms' nomenclature of the Russian medical have the following characteristics: subjectivity,sociality,motivation,experiential and culture etc., and can be divided into seven types, that is, person metaphor, animal metaphor,plant metaphor, color metaphor, geography metaphor, mythology metaphor and social formation metaphor.

Key words: Medical Russian, metaphorical terms, nomenclature, essence