Term has the dual attributes in language and science. Terminology work is a continuum that contains terms' generation, selection, definition and knowledge-based. Lexicalization may partly explain the generation of terms, while definition and knowledge-based of terms show how can term be defined. Generation and definition of terms indicate the unique nature of terminology, and help us to clarify the scope and potential value of terminology research.

In 2000, Towards New Ways of Terminology Description: The Sociocognitive Approach, written by Belgium female scholar Rita Temmerman, was published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was regarded as a thought-provoking alternative in domains of the social and human sciences breaking new ground. It is a book based on the author's many years' practical terminological teaching practices and researches. What is the main content of this book? And what a sort of contributions and inspirations it gave us? This paper try to give readers a reasonable answer.

Both terms consciousness and their recognition skills play a significant role in translating scientific terms. This paper explores the ways to foster such consciousness, and discusses frequently-used skills.

This paper expounds the generation and development history of the Periodic Table of the Elements, introduces once the confusion about the labeling method to the group of Periodic Table of the Elements and the current situation. Aiming at the disunity situation about the labeling method to the group of Periodic Table of the Elements on teaching, scientific research and publishing in China, the author puts forwards advice and suggestions.

There has been a lack of consistency in the Chinese translation of the names of western translation theoreticians whose theories are prevailing in China. The inconsistent translation, which can be viewed as a kind of academic misconduct, might cause confusion and inconvenience to related research. This article elaborates on the status quo in the translation of the names of the contemporary western theoreticians and comes up with suggestive ideas in this regard, and also emphasizes the importance and necessity of unifying and regulating the Chinese translation of the names of the contemporary western translation theoreticians.

Chomsky proposed the famous Transformational-generative Grammar in Syntactic Structures for the first time, which brought about the era of glittering rule-based machine translation as its theoretical foundation. Some inappropriate and obsolete translations of terms are found in the Chinese version of Syntactic Structures, which can affect the understanding of its contents and ideas. Considering the importance of terms to scientific papers, this article systematically examines the glossaries appended at the end of the Chinese version, discusses the inappropriate term translations, and proposes corresponding improvement suggestions for reference.

With Chinese oil companies expanding the South American oil markets, the Spanish language in petroleum engineering plays an increasingly important role for Chinese oil companies to carry out international cooperation. Such vocabulary of petroleum engineering covers a wide range of technical terms and strong linguistic characteristics. This paper analyzes and summarizes the characteristics of vocabulary from the perspective of word-formation.

The Cross-straits Common Dictionary on Science & Technology contains 30 disciplines of science and technology, which is written by China Mainland and Taiwan Province. Of these names, 19% is differentially named by China Mainland and Taiwan Province, which is caused by differentially translating names of people and places, foreign words, as well as different habits of using Chinese character, and different depth and speed of amendment between the two sides. In actual treatment, if one name of Mainland matches more than two names of Taiwan, the name of Taiwan was determined by the principle of the same name priority, meaning concord and discipline consistency. If matches one name of Taiwan that meaning discordantly, or none name of Taiwan, we should communicate with Taiwan experts to discuss a suitable name.

Baibi as a standard traditional Chinese medical disease which is equal to psoriasis is firstly recorded in Standards for Treatment in Ming Dynasty, as a symptom. As a disease it is firstly recorded in A Complete Book of External Diseases in Qing Dynasty. In ancient Chinese medical literature, Niupixuan is equal to neurodermatitis in western medcine. However,it causes confusion that early scholars of western medicine translate psoriasis to Niupixuan. Bi as a Chinese character firstly appeared on Kunbiwangzhong,a kind of bronze ware. There is no record in carapace-bone-script of Bi as a Chinese character. Ganxuan,Gouxuan and Baixuan are similar to Baibi in General Treatise on the Cause and Symptoms of Diseases in Sui Dynasty. However, Songpixuan,Fengxuan,Baikechuang and Yinqianfeng are different from Baibi in ancient Chinese medical literature, and it is not appropriate to take them as the former names of Baibi.

In the 1950s, When the CAS compiled terminology, there had been some adjustments whether or not “ban(钣)” be used to replace the term of “banliang(板梁)”. In fact, the “ban(钣)” has been existed since Chinese ancient time, not a new character. From the perspective of standardized terminology, “banliang(板梁)” should not be used as “banliang(钣梁)”.

This paper introduces the evolution of examination and approval work on chemistry terms, and discusses a series of examination and approval work on chemistry terms during the second session of authorized committee, including Chinese names for new elements , Chinese names for chemistry terms and standard of Chinese characters, definition of chemistry terms, and difference in chemistry terms between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits.

Based on the names of 140 typhoons and their change processes, compared to the Chinese names of typhoons used by both sides of the Taiwan Straits in 2000 and 2015, we found that 50% of typhoons' names used in 2000 are inconsistent. The main reason is that free translations are not adopted in Taiwan, but are mostly adopted in the mainland. By the end of 2015, the inconsistency rate dropped to 30%. There are 35 typhoons' names changed during this period and 94% of the changed names were consistent between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits. The main reason for the improvement of consistency is that the principle of free translation has been accepted by Taiwan area.

Based on the analysis of polysemy of Russian scientific terms by contrasting Russian with Chinese, the author interprets the characteristics of Russian scientific terms and its principles. In order to resolve translation difficulties of polysemy and screen “false friends” in the translation process, the author proposes a way of understanding and translating for cognizing Russian terms.

For half a century, the theories of generative linguistics have been widely acknowledged and discussed. And to some extent, its relevant large amount of terms are hard to comprehend. The paper aims to clarify these terms in the perspectives of its philosophical foundation, the related subjects background, the development and change of theory. We also discussed the theoretical origin, subject sources and the theory transition of the generative linguistics terms based on linguistic theories.

The paper focuses on the E-C translation of some linguistic terms concerning word formation in the English-Chinese Dictionary (the second edition). We think that the equivalents offered for “tmesis” and “retronym” in the dictionary needs to be improved. Meanwhile, two new terms, “backronym” (back acronym) and “snowclone” should also be included in the dictionary.

The article based on the historical evidence and Yan Fu's practice on translating terms, draws upon the translated works and letters of Yan Fu, through an elaborate analysis of his motives, attitude, criteria and strategies of translation, to elucidate his views and practice on term translation. The author holds that strenuous efforts have been paid in Yan Fu's rectifying and standardizing the issue of translating terms, also in line with his translation criteria “Xin, Da, Ya”. However, due to the dual constraints of complex linguistic nationalism and socio political factors, his translation also showed limitation. Yan Fu's views on translating terms can be taken as a mirror to the cultural traveling phenomenon in the course of introducing western terms to China as well as the disparities of discourse strategies adopted by the intellects in their efforts to save the nation from subjugation and ensure its survival.

Exemplified by Chinese Translation of Japanese agricultural terms, we discuss the interconnections triggering adaptation in translation. Then, we proceed to elaborate on the adaptation from the morphological, grammatical and lexical perspectives. Finally, we analyze the promoting role that adaptation plays in translation activities, and empirically reveal the application value and significance of adaptive translation.

Discovery, a term in Anglo-American law is frequently translated into “Pilu” , which gives rise to homonymous term in Chinese legal terminology. This paper, on the basis of concept analysis, proposes one to one correspondence translation of discovery, disclosure and their counterparts respectively.

The Chinese translation of Technology Readiness Level (TRL) has two terms: technology maturity level and technology readiness level. The unitary Chinese translated terms of TRL is necessary with increasing applications of TRL in China. This paper explains the meanings and explanations of TRL from original proposers and international well-known organizations, and analyzes the difference of Chinese meanings of technology maturity level and technology readiness level. At last the author suggests that the Chinese translated term should be technology maturity level.

The paper discusses the conciseness of translating the Chinese/English term of inorganic macromolecular weight chemical compound. According to rules of expressing Chinese/English terms of inorganic small molecular weight chemical compound, poly-aluminous poly-element hydroxyl-chloride coagulant-flocculent is macromolecular weight chemical compound. The authors propose that the concise principle of translating the Chinese/English term of inorganic macromolecular weight chemical compound should be considered. On the basis of the rules of expressions of Chinese/English terms of small molecular weight chemical compound, the authors suggest the ways of omission, abbreviation, merge and one to one correspondence should be used to translate the component of macromolecular weight chemical compound.

The Chinese name for term was mingziyan(名字眼) at first,then from xueshuyu(学术语)to dingyu(定语),at last to shuyu(术语). As a Japanese loanword shuyu(術語,じゅつご) is firstly recorded in Zhang Binglin's Sociology in Qing Dynasty.

The Chinese character “jun” which apeared in Pre-Qin period is still in wide use today. “Jun” appears in Pre-Qin literature for several times, and its meanings are not limited to fungi. The chapters Preparations for Wars and Flags of Mozi both contain the character “jun”, but later annotators of the text held divergent views on the meaning, pattern, and textual position of the character. By means of referring to annotators' comments and Pre-Qin usage of the character,combined with textual context, we found that the term “jun” in “kejun” and “tujun” in Preparations for Wars means shelter. The former “jun” is not the wrong character for “yu”,while the latter one is not the wrong character for “gu”. And the latter “jun” should be separated from “tu”, and then put behind the following character “ling”,constituting the term “lingjun”. The “jun” in the term “junqi” in Flags is not the wrong character for “qian”; it should be understood as edible fungi.

Due to the confusion use of two Chinese terms on mean tone temperament and equal temperament, Wohltemperirte (Well-temperament) of Das Wohltemperirte Clavier by J.S.Bach, which means temperament and its correct Chinese translation should be corresponding to pingjunlv (平均律) and no zhongyongquanyinlv (中庸全音律),is mistaken as equal temperament,while equal temperament is corresponding to dengchenglv (等程律). With the extensive development of international academic exchange, these common words in acoustics and music should be revised as soon as possible.

Chinese FrameNet(CFN) takes FrameNet(FN) as the reference, and therefore, the English-Chinese Translation of FN frames has become an indispensable part in building CFN. Because each frame contains some “technical terms”, translators' terminological awareness may play a significant role in the quality-control of CFN frames by providing some theoretical support in the English-Chinese Translation of FN Frames.

Military terms is an important part of the national common language vocabulary system. Because the special needs of military speech community, and especially characteristics of people's army nature, task, and purpose,military terms have distinct characteristics.

Terminology education and training in China's universities will involve a number of macro level factors, such as the theoretical aspect of the terminology teaching and training, the practical aspect, the technological aspect, the aspect of vocational and specialized development, the state macro terminology policy, teaching syllabus and curriculum design as well as the promotions at various levels. This paper aims at describing the problems of terminology education and training from the macro perspective with the goal of taking these macro factors into consideration when initiating the college terminology education and when making preparations for the smooth implementation of the teaching plan.

Terminology is assigned to play a more and more important role in the information society, and IT applications raise new challenges for Terminology. Information technology calls for the appearance of the computational representation of terminology, however, the old terminology theories (GTT) cannot bring a satisfactory explanation for modern terminological practice, esp. in the scientific fields. Among these conflicts between Terminology and information technology as well as Knowledge Engineering, a new paradigm of Terminology, i.e. ontoterminology, seems to be the most suitable solution. This paper aims to introduce and analyze the ontoterminology theory and related academic achievements.

Translation of technical term means the transmission of the conceptual knowledge from the source term to the target one. Because of different semantic construction modes resulted from different cultures, the translated terms may not be so corresponding to the source ones in linguistic structure. Thus, integration of conceptual system, transformation of thinking mode and re-composition of linguistic symbols should be made in such aspects as formation mode and semantic construction of the concept, semantic range matching and language expression, to make terms translated equivalent in sense and corresponding in word.

Various terms are emerging with the development of science and technology as well as the society. It is particularly important for terms to be translated and spread with the speed of international exchange and cooperation of trade, culture and technology among different nations. Term translation methodology can be formed with the clarification of domestication and foreignization, literal translation and free translation as well as the analysis of the present translating strategies and methods, thus to help various translating means and skills in correct application.

Based on final naming characteristic selection of terms and term nomenclature law, we propose a new suitable translation method for the source language terms, “translation method of looking for equivalents”, and briefly describe its major translation procedures.

The concept “carbo-mer”was proposed by the French chemist Remi Chauvin in 1995. A carbo-mer is an expanded form of a molecule, in which certain C—C units are incerted into the original structure. Such a structural change does not lead to any impacts on the molecular symmetry. Although this concept has been used in literature more than 20 years, no Chinese translation has yet been suggested. This paper intends to propose Chinese nomenclature for carbo-mer and related terms.