《2020年国际贸易术语解释通则》的新变化及应用解析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-8578.2021.01.008

中国科技术语 ›› 2021, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (1): 53-59.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8578.2021.01.008

《2020年国际贸易术语解释通则》的新变化及应用解析

王庆颖()

常州开放大学人文与经济学院,江苏常州 213001

收稿日期:2020-05-10 修回日期:2020-12-24 出版日期:2021-01-25 发布日期:2021-01-11
作者简介:王庆颖(1981—),女,硕士,常州开放大学人文与经济学院经贸系系主任、副教授,曾供职于金川集团国际贸易分公司,长期从事国际贸易实务教学工作, 主要研究领域包括跨境电商实务和小微外贸企业进出口交易实务,主持和参与中国国际贸易学会课题、中国国际贸易促进委员会课题、国家开放大学课题、江苏开放大学课题、常州市社科联等课题10余项,在国际贸易专业领域术语、跨境电商以及小微外贸企业进出口交易方面有着丰富的研究经验,发表论文近20篇。通信方式: renew81@sohu.com。
基金资助:
常州市第十六届社会科学研究课题立项项目“《2020年国际贸易术语解释通则》的正式实施对我国进出口贸易的影响及对策研究”(CZSKL-2020C171)

New Changes and Application Analysis of Incoterms 2020

WANG Qingying()

Received:2020-05-10 Revised:2020-12-24 Online:2021-01-25 Published:2021-01-11

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

贸易术语是进出口商品价格的重要组成部分,不同的贸易术语下买卖双方承担的责任、义务以及风险大相径庭,《国际贸易术语解释通则》是世界上影响力最大的解释贸易术语的国际惯例,最新版本《2020年国际贸易术语解释通则》于2020年1月1日正式实施,将给世界商品进出口贸易带来重大影响。与2010年版本相比,2020年版本对贸易术语的解释更加清晰,对交易双方承担的费用和责任更加明确具体,增加了安保分配规则,对某些贸易术语的具体内容及实施进行调整。文章结合中国进出口业务实践,分析《2020年国际贸易术语解释通则》的实施可能对中国外贸带来的影响,并从外贸企业、高等院校的角度分析了应用《2020年国际贸易术语解释通则》时应关注的问题。

关键词: 《国际贸易术语解释通则》, 贸易术语, 国际商会, 新变化, 应用解析

Abstract:

Incoterms is the most influential international practice in interpreting trade terms in the world. The latest edition of Incoterms 2020 which was officially implemented on January 1, 2020, will have a significant impact on world commodity import and export trade. This paper analyzes the new changes of the 2020 edition on the basis of comparing the 2020 edition with the 2010 edition. Combining with China’s import and export business practice, we analyze the possible impact of the implementation of Incoterms 2020 on China’s foreign trade, and discuss general principles which should be concerned from the perspectives of foreign trade enterprises, colleges and universities.

Key words: Incoterms, trade terms, ICC, new changes, application analysis

中图分类号:

F752

王庆颖. 《2020年国际贸易术语解释通则》的新变化及应用解析[J]. 中国科技术语, 2021, 23(1): 53-59.

WANG Qingying. New Changes and Application Analysis of Incoterms 2020[J]. China Terminology, 2021, 23(1): 53-59.

Incoterms^’2010		Incoterms^’2020
Seller's obligations	Buyer's obligations	Seller's obligations	Buyer's obligations
A1 General obligations	B1 General obligations	A1 General obligations	B1 General obligations
A2 License, authorization, security clearance and other procedures	B2 License, authorization, security clearance and other procedures	A2 delivery	B2 Receipt
A3 Contract of carriage and insurance	B3 Contract of carriage and insurance	A3 Risk transfer	B3 Risk transfer
A4 delivery	B4 Receipt	A4 transport	B4 transport
A5 Risk transfer	B5 Risk transfer	A5 Insurance	B5 Insurance
A6 Division of expenses	B6 Division of expenses	A6 Delivery/transport documents	B6 Delivery/transport documents
A7 notice	B7 notice	A7 Export/import customs clearance	B7 Export/import customs clearance
A8 proof of delivery	B8 proof of delivery	A8 Inspection/ packaging/marking	B8 Inspection/ packaging/marking
A9 Inspection/ packaging/marking	B9 Inspection of goods	A9 Division of expenses	B9 Division of expenses
A10 Assist in providing relevant information and costs	B10 Assist in providing relevant information and costs	A10 notice	B10 notice

Incoterms^’2010		Incoterms^’2020
Seller's obligations	Buyer's obligations	Seller's obligations	Buyer's obligations
A1 General obligations	B1 General obligations	A1 General obligations	B1 General obligations
A2 License, authorization, security clearance and other procedures	B2 License, authorization, security clearance and other procedures	A2 delivery	B2 Receipt
A3 Contract of carriage and insurance	B3 Contract of carriage and insurance	A3 Risk transfer	B3 Risk transfer
A4 delivery	B4 Receipt	A4 transport	B4 transport
A5 Risk transfer	B5 Risk transfer	A5 Insurance	B5 Insurance
A6 Division of expenses	B6 Division of expenses	A6 Delivery/transport documents	B6 Delivery/transport documents
A7 notice	B7 notice	A7 Export/import customs clearance	B7 Export/import customs clearance
A8 proof of delivery	B8 proof of delivery	A8 Inspection/ packaging/marking	B8 Inspection/ packaging/marking
A9 Inspection/ packaging/marking	B9 Inspection of goods	A9 Division of expenses	B9 Division of expenses
A10 Assist in providing relevant information and costs	B10 Assist in providing relevant information and costs	A10 notice	B10 notice

	国际贸易术语惯例名称及版本
贸易术语英文缩写、全称及中文释义适合的运输方式	Incoterms^’2010 《2010年国际贸易术语解释通则》	Incoterms^’2020《2020年国际贸易术语解释通则》
水上运输	FAS (Free Alongside Ship)装运港船边交货 FOB (Free On Board) 装运港船上交货 CFR (Cost and Freight) 成本加运费 CIF (Cost Insurance and Freight) 成本保险费加运费	同左
一切运输方式	EXW (Ex Works)工厂交货 FCA(Free Carrier) 货交承运人 CPT(Carriage Paid To) 运费付至 CIP(Carriage Insurance Paid To) 运费保险费付至 DAT(Delivered at Terminal)目的地或目的港的集散站交货 DAP(Delivered at Place)目的地交货 DDP(Delivered Duty Paid) 完税后交货	DAT(Delivered at Terminal)目的地或目的港的集散站交货更名为DPU(Delivered at Place Unloaded)目的地卸货后交货,其余不变

	国际贸易术语惯例名称及版本
贸易术语英文缩写、全称及中文释义适合的运输方式	Incoterms^’2010 《2010年国际贸易术语解释通则》	Incoterms^’2020《2020年国际贸易术语解释通则》
水上运输	FAS (Free Alongside Ship)装运港船边交货 FOB (Free On Board) 装运港船上交货 CFR (Cost and Freight) 成本加运费 CIF (Cost Insurance and Freight) 成本保险费加运费	同左
一切运输方式	EXW (Ex Works)工厂交货 FCA(Free Carrier) 货交承运人 CPT(Carriage Paid To) 运费付至 CIP(Carriage Insurance Paid To) 运费保险费付至 DAT(Delivered at Terminal)目的地或目的港的集散站交货 DAP(Delivered at Place)目的地交货 DDP(Delivered Duty Paid) 完税后交货	DAT(Delivered at Terminal)目的地或目的港的集散站交货更名为DPU(Delivered at Place Unloaded)目的地卸货后交货,其余不变

[1]	律师解读:国际商会2020版《国际贸易术语解释通则》[EB/OL]. [2019-09-24]. https://www.xindemarinenews.com/topic/haishanghaifa/2019/0924/15213.html.
[2]	《国际贸易术语解释通则2020》主要变化[EB/OL]. [2020-01-01]. https://www.cargo-partner.com/hk/trendletter/issue-13/国际贸易术语解释通则2020主要变化.
[3]	范冬云. 《2010年国际贸易术语解释通则》与《2000通则》的比较[J]. 国际商务研究, 2011(5):9-12,48.
[4]	中国国际商会, 国际商会中国国家委员会. 国际贸易术语解释通则2020[M]. 北京: 对外经济贸易大学出版社, 2020.
[5]	范冬云. 《2010年国际贸易术语解释通则》的剖析及其教学应用[J]. 对外经贸实务, 2011(10):22-24.

《2020年国际贸易术语解释通则》的新变化及应用解析

New Changes and Application Analysis of Incoterms 2020

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