中国科技术语

中国科技术语 ›› 2012, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (1): 36-40.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8578.2012.01.008

• 探讨与争鸣 • 上一篇    下一篇

新型材料——单原子石墨膜

钱家骏   

  1. 中国科学院半导体研究所,北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2011-02-25 出版日期:2012-02-25 发布日期:2012-04-09
  • 作者简介:钱家骏(1939—),男,北京人,中国科学院半导体研究所半导体材料科学重点实验室研究员,研究方向为半导体材料科学。通信方式:qianjj@semi.ac.cn。

Novel Material—Graphene

QIAN Jiajun   

  • Received:2011-02-25 Online:2012-02-25 Published:2012-04-09

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535

摘要： graphene是按蜂房结构密集排列的单原子层碳薄膜二维材料。它的π键(价带)与π*键(导带),在蜂房结构晶格布里渊区顶角两个不等价点互相接触。荷电载流子显现极高的本征迁移率,在室温下,能在亚微米距离弹道运行而不受到散射。它是世界上最薄的电子材料,可制备超高频晶体管。文章分析了近年对graphene材料的研究和应用情况,试图探索今后的发展方向,还讨论了graphene的中文译名。

关键词: graphene, 石墨烯, 单原子石墨膜, 新型材料

Abstract: Graphene is a two-dimensional material, merely one atom thick sheet of carbon arranged laterally in a honeycomb lattice. Its π-valence band and π*-conduction band touch at two in-equivalent points in the honeycomb lattice Brillouin zone. In graphene, charge carriers exhibit giant intrinsic mobility and can travel ballistically over submicrons without scattering at room temperature. It is the thinnest electronic material and can be used to enable transistors operating at very high frequencies. This review analyzes trends in graphene research and applications, and attempts to identify future directions.

Key words: graphene, novel material, one-atom thick sheet of carbon

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