中国科技术语 ›› 2017, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (6): 15-29.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8578.2017.06.003

• 术语学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

汉语韵律构词法与信息技术术语

王强   

  1. 重庆邮电大学外国语学院,重庆 400065
  • 收稿日期:2017-05-04 出版日期:2017-12-25 发布日期:2017-12-25
  • 作者简介:王强(1979—),男,硕士,重庆邮电大学外国语学院副教授,硕士生导师,研究方向为语言学理论。通信方式:qiang_wong@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    重庆市教委人文社会科学研究一般项目“最简方案框架下的投射、成分统制与汉语并列结构研究”(15SKG066)

Chinese Prosodic Grammar and IT Terms

WANG Qiang   

  • Received:2017-05-04 Online:2017-12-25 Published:2017-12-25

摘要:

以IT术语为语料,考察韵律与句法、形态、语意之间的互动,勾勒IT术语的一般韵律模式,并补充汉语韵律构词法。分析认为,要一分为二地看待单音节,即孤立的单音节不构成标准音步或韵律词,而语流或话语中的单音节需要拉长或加空拍,以构成标准音步。双音节仍是基本音步,这是IT术语与普通文体词汇最显著的共性。三音节的IT术语需要考虑部分音译词、缩略词等特殊情况。对四音节和五音节IT术语句法和韵律的描写和分析表明,不管IT术语的句法结构如何,它的韵律结构合并方向应该与句法结构合并方向保持一致,旨在通过韵律反映句法-语义上的差异。对六至九音节IT术语韵律的描写和分析则反映出更多的韵律规律。最后,还对规范IT术语汉译提出了韵律学建议,即忠实为重,韵律为轻,简洁性次之。

关键词: IT术语, 标准音步, 合并, 形式美, 变异, 简洁性

Abstract:

Based on IT terms, weexplore interactions between prosody and syntax, morphology and meaning, and outline general prosodic modes of IT terms with an aim to supplementing Chinese prosodic grammar. We propose, with respect to IT terms, that (1) Monosyllables must be dealt with in two separate levels, that is, isolated monosyllables do not constitute standard foot or prosodic word whereas monosyllables in discourse must be extended or added with space to constitute standard foot; (2) Disyllables remain basic foot, that is the most prominent universal feature that IT terms share with words for general purpose; (3) Special cases in prosody of, for example partial transliterations and abbreviations, must be taken into consideration with respect to tri-syllables; (4) With respect to four-and five-syllable IT terms, descriptions and analyses of their syntax-prosody interaction show that no matter what their syntactic structures are, their prosodic structures must be in line with their syntactic structures in order to reflect syntactic-semantic differences by means of prosody; (5) More prosodic rules are shown following the analyses of IT terms composed of six to nine syllables. We also give a hierarchy of priority on translation of English IT terms from the perspective of prosodic grammar, that is, from faithfulness the highest, well-formed prosody the intermediate to simplicity the lowest.

Key words: IT terms, standard foot, merge, beauty in form, differentiation, simplicity

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