Seismites、地震岩、震积岩和软沉积物变形构造等术语问题的讨论

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-8578.2018.06.005

中国科技术语 ›› 2018, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (6): 28-32.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8578.2018.06.005

• Seismites 概念及相关术语讨论 • 上一篇下一篇

Seismites、地震岩、震积岩和软沉积物变形构造等术语问题的讨论

冯增昭

中国石油大学(北京),北京 100083

收稿日期:2018-04-21 修回日期:2018-11-09 出版日期:2018-12-25 发布日期:2019-01-09
作者简介:冯增昭(1926—),男,中国石油大学(北京)教授,博士生导师,长期从事沉积学及古地理学的教学和科研工作以及《古地理学报》(中文版和英文版)的主编工作。通信方式: Jpalaeo1999@163.com。

Discussions on Seismites, “dizhenyan” (地震岩),“zhenjiyan” (震积岩),Soft-sediment Deformation Structures, etc.

FENG Zengzhao

Received:2018-04-21 Revised:2018-11-09 Online:2018-12-25 Published:2019-01-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

文章主要内容为:①同意山穆玕(Shanmugam)的观点,即赛拉赫提出的seismites这一术语有问题。它不是具软沉积物变形构造的岩层,也没有地震成因的证据,因此应当否定。②不同意龚一鸣把赛拉赫提出的seismites译为“震积岩”,应把它译为“地震岩”。③软沉积物变形构造是多成因的。由地震引起的具软沉积物变形构造的岩层可称作“地震岩”,不是由地震引起的具软沉积物变形构造的岩层不能称作“地震岩”。④即使在地震高发地区,也不是所有的软沉积物变形构造都是由地震引起的。⑤在印度北部的一个地震高发地区的河谷中,在2013年的洪水沉积物形成后即刻观察到的软沉积物变形构造,是一个无可争辩的非地震成因的实例。因为2013年至今该地区没有发生过地震。这一实例应引起重视和深思。

关键词: seismites, 地震岩, 震积岩, 软沉积物变形构造, 非地震岩

Abstract:

This paper mainly includes: (1) Agreeing with the viewpoint of Shanmugam (2016), i. e.,the term “seismites” proposed by Seilacher(1969) is problematic. It is not the beds with soft-sediment deformation structures (SSDS) and it is without evidence of earthquake, therefore it should be negated. (2)Disagreeing with the viewpoint of Gong Yiming(1987,1988), i. e., the term “seismite” should not be translated into “zhenjiyan” (震积岩), but it should be translated into “dizhenyan” (地震岩). (3) SSDS are of multiple origins. The beds with SSDS induced by earthquake can be named “seismites” while the beds with SSDS not induced by earthquake cannot be named “seismites”. (4) In a seismically active area, it is not sure that all SSDS are induced by earthquake. (5) In a river valley of the Garhwal Himalaya, northern India, a seismically active area, the SSDS occurred immediately in 2013 flood sediments is an irrefutable case study which is not induced by earthquake, because from 2013 till today earthquake never occurred in this area. This case study should be paid attention to and thought deeply.

Key words: seismites, dizhenyan, zhenjiyan, soft-sediment deformation structures, non-seismites

中图分类号:

冯增昭. Seismites、地震岩、震积岩和软沉积物变形构造等术语问题的讨论[J]. 中国科技术语, 2018, 20(6): 28-32.

FENG Zengzhao. Discussions on Seismites, “dizhenyan” (地震岩),“zhenjiyan” (震积岩),Soft-sediment Deformation Structures, etc.[J]. China Terminology, 2018, 20(6): 28-32.

图/表 2

图1 美国加利福尼亚州圣巴巴拉(Santa Barbara)海滩上的一个中新统蒙特雷页岩(Monterey Shales)剖面中的4个“断层-粒序岩层”(fault-graded beds) (据赛拉赫(Seilacher,1969)[1]。4个“断层-粒序岩层”的说明见正文。本文作者已获John Wiley and Sons许可使用此图。)

图2 印度北部Garhwal Himalaya地震活动地区的阿勒格嫩达河谷(Alaknanda)中,在2013年洪水沉积物形成后即刻观察到的软沉积物变形构造 (据Rana et al., 2016的Fig.13[23],本文作者已获爱思唯尔(Elsevier)许可使用此图。)

参考文献 23

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Seismites、地震岩、震积岩和软沉积物变形构造等术语问题的讨论

Discussions on Seismites, “dizhenyan” (地震岩),“zhenjiyan” (震积岩),Soft-sediment Deformation Structures, etc.

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