中国科技术语 ›› 2014, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (4): 46-50.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8578.2014.04.011

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辞书中的二十四节气英译源流考

余恒   

  1. 北京师范大学,北京 100875
  • 收稿日期:2014-06-12 出版日期:2014-08-25 发布日期:2020-07-01
  • 作者简介:余恒(1982—),男,湖北人,北京师范大学天文系博士,第九届天文学名词审定委员会委员,主要研究领域为宇宙学、X射线星系团物理。通信方式:yuheng@bnu.edu.cn。

On the History and Actuality of the English Translation for Chinese Twenty-four Solar Terms in Dictionaries

YU Heng   

  • Received:2014-06-12 Online:2014-08-25 Published:2020-07-01

摘要: 二十四节气是中国传统文化的重要概念,但其英文译法至今仍有分歧。这给中华文化的对外推广和传播带来了不便。文章通过比较近代重要中英辞典中的节气译名,系统回顾了中外学者在这一问题上的努力,发现许多节气名称的译法很早就达成了统一,不同版本之间的差别主要集中在对“大/小”的处理和“惊蛰”“清明”“小满”等少数几个条目的译法上。根据这些关键名词的译法和用词特点,文章将众多辞书中的节气译名分为司登德—季理斐、卢公明—翟理斯和天文学名词审定委员会三个体系。这样就为目前常见的各种节气译名找到了源头和出处,从而为今后的节气译名选用乃至标准化提供全面的依据和参考。

关键词: 节气, 汉译英, 辞典, 天文学, 翻译史

Abstract: Twenty four Solar Terms are unique concepts of Chinese culture. They do not have unified English translations until now, which is very inconvenient for the international culture communication. This article tries to trace various translations in historical Chinese English dictionaries. By comparing different editions, we unveil the efforts and influences made by past generations. According to the translations of some critical terms and typical words, these translations can be classified into three systems: the Stent-MacGillivray system, the Doolittle-Giles system and a more recent Chinese Astronomical Terminology Committee edition. These sources and knowledge can be helpful to understand and adopt, or even standardize proper translations of solar terms.

Key words: Solar term, Chinese-English translation, dictionary, astronomy, translation history

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