中国科技术语 ›› 2016, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (1): 54-57.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8578.2016.01.015

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“白疕”及其相关病名考辨

刘涛, 朱建平   

  1. 中国中医科学院中国医史文献研究所,北京 100700
  • 收稿日期:2015-09-26 发布日期:2016-02-29
  • 通讯作者: 朱建平(1958—),中国中医科学院中国医史文献研究所研究员,博士生导师。通信方式:zhujp1958@163.com。
  • 作者简介:刘涛(1985—),中国中医科学院中国医史文献研究所在读博士生。通信方式:1398434099@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技部基础性专项重点项目《中医药基础学科名词术语规范研究》(2012FY130100)

On “Baibi” and Related Diseases in Chinese Ancient Medical Literature

LIU Tao, ZHU Jianping   

  • Received:2015-09-26 Published:2016-02-29

摘要: “白疕”最早见于王肯堂《证治准绳》,但系指一种症状。作为独立的病名则最早见于祁坤《外科大成》,现被作为规范病名来使用。中医古籍中的“牛皮癣”相当于西医的“神经性皮炎”。西医进入中国后,使用了“牛皮癣”来指代银屑病,一度造成认识上的混乱。“疕”最早见于青铜器“昆疕王钟”,甲骨文中实无“疕”字。《诸病源候论》中的“干癣”“狗癣”“白癣”与白疕相似性较高,“松皮癣”“风癣”“白壳疮”“银钱疯”在中医古籍中的记载与白疕差别较大,不宜视作白疕的曾用名。

关键词: 白疕, 病名源流, 牛皮癣

Abstract: Baibi as a standard traditional Chinese medical disease which is equal to psoriasis is firstly recorded in Standards for Treatment in Ming Dynasty, as a symptom. As a disease it is firstly recorded in A Complete Book of External Diseases in Qing Dynasty. In ancient Chinese medical literature, Niupixuan is equal to neurodermatitis in western medcine. However,it causes confusion that early scholars of western medicine translate psoriasis to Niupixuan. Bi as a Chinese character firstly appeared on Kunbiwangzhong,a kind of bronze ware. There is no record in carapace-bone-script of Bi as a Chinese character. Ganxuan,Gouxuan and Baixuan are similar to Baibi in General Treatise on the Cause and Symptoms of Diseases in Sui Dynasty. However, Songpixuan,Fengxuan,Baikechuang and Yinqianfeng are different from Baibi in ancient Chinese medical literature, and it is not appropriate to take them as the former names of Baibi.

Key words: Baibi, history of conception on disease, Niupixuan

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