中国科技术语 ›› 2025, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (5): 51-56.doi: 10.12339/j.issn.1673-8578.2025.05.009

• 科技翻译 • 上一篇    下一篇

术语翻译的命名特征择优问题——直升机译名演变史鉴

王坤()   

  1. 中国民航大学外国语学院, 天津 300300
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-03 出版日期:2025-09-01 发布日期:2025-09-01
  • 作者简介:

    王坤(1990—),男,硕士,中国民航大学外国语学院讲师,研究方向为术语学、航空史、翻译史。通信方式:

  • 基金资助:
    中央高校人文社会科学重点项目“外来航空术语早期汉译史研究”(3122025031)

Selection of Naming Characteristics in the Translation of Terminology:Enlightenment from Evolution of the Chinese Term for “Helicopter”

WANG Kun()   

  • Received:2025-06-03 Online:2025-09-01 Published:2025-09-01

摘要:

术语翻译是对概念的跨语二次命名。在此过程中,译者面临着命名特征的择优问题。若选择不当,术语命名会对知识的传播和普及造成障碍。在此方面,直升机的译名演变是一个值得反思的案例。基于普通术语学的概念特征层级顺序理论,结合史料考察和概念分析,对直升机译名演变史进行梳理与反思,发现其术语命名特征经历了由固有特征向应用特征的转变,其动因源于历史语境下术语翻译的实用性取向以及术语“大众知识空间→专业知识空间→规范知识空间”的流通路径。研究彰显了术语学理论对术语翻译和定名的指导价值。

关键词: 术语翻译, 术语学, 翻译史, 航空翻译

Abstract:

Terminology translation represents a cross-linguistic renaming of concepts.During this process,translators face the issue of selecting optimal characteristics.Inappropriate choices can hinder the dissemination and popularization of knowledge.In this regard,the evolution of the Chinese term for “helicopter” presents a case worthy of reflection.By applying the conceptual feature hierarchy theory from general terminology studies,combined with historical investigation and conceptual analysis,this study examines and reflects on the historical evolution of the terminology for helicopter in Chinese.It reveals a shift in terminology naming characteristics from inherent features to applied features.This transformation was driven by the pragmatic orientation of terminology translation at that time,as well as the circulation path of terminology from popular knowledge space,professional knowledge space to standardized knowledge space.The research highlights the guiding value of terminology theory in terminology translation and standardization.

Key words: terminology translation, terminology science, translation history, aviation translation